Scientifically known as Taraxacum officinale, dandelion belongs to the Asteraceae family, a large family of flowering plants that also includes sunflowers and daisies. Native to Eurasia, dandelion has naturalized across the globe and is commonly found in temperate regions. This herbaceous perennial is characterized by its deeply toothed leaves, bright yellow flowers, and fluffy seed heads. Dandelions are highly adaptable and can thrive in a variety of environments, often growing in lawns, meadows, and along roadsides.
The genus Taraxacum includes numerous species, many of which are difficult to distinguish from one another. The name 'officinale' indicates the plant's historical use in medicine and herbalism. The common name 'dandelion' is derived from the French 'dent-de-lion,' meaning 'lion's tooth,' referring to the jagged shape of the leaves. Historically, dandelion has been used in traditional medicine systems across Europe and Asia for its diuretic, digestive, and liver-supporting properties. The roots, leaves, and flowers are all used in various culinary and medicinal preparations, including herbal teas, salads, and coffee substitutes.